https://sp.rmbl.ws/s8/1/Q/Z/E/k/QZEki.qR4e-small-SIZE-MATTERS.jpg
The attached PDF is text from a SCOTUS challenge to #Revenue #taxation and the #CORPORATION status of taxed revenue.
Page 542 of the PDF gives specific range of words used, with regard to taxation, repayment of over taxation and the status of court engages, regarding Taxes and property.
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The first Income Tax law, the Revenue Act of 1913, provided: "That in computing net income under this section there shall be excluded the interest upon the obligations of a state or any political subdivision thereof, and upon the obligations of the United States or its possessions.” (Italics ours) In the income taxing acts prior to the Revenue Act of 1913, interest upon Federal securities was expressly mentioned and taxed. (Although sometimes at reduced rates.) See Act of August 5, 1861, 12 Stat. 309, sec. 49; Act of July 1, 1862, 12 Stat. 473, sec. 89 ; Act of June 30, 1864, 13 Stat. 281, sec. 116; Act of March 3, 1865, 13 Stat. 479; Act of July 14, 1870, 16 Stat. 257, sec. 6; and Act of Aug. 15, 1894, 28 Stat. 553, sec. 27. Those Acts had developed and used the phrase "notes, bonds, and other securities. " Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co., supra. The Act of 1894 was declared invalid by the Supreme Court in the case of Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co., supra. One of the objections to the statute made by the Court in that case was that it taxed income from "state securities. " The provisions in the Revenue Act of 1913, therefore, with reference to the exemption of interest on obligations of a state was a recognition of the Constitutional limitation announced in the Pollock case, supra. It is of particular significance that the word used in the 1913 Act was “ obli15 i gation " in spite of the fact that the word used in the Pollock case was “ securities." That Congress deliberately used the broader term seems to be conclusively established by the companion provision in subdivision (B) exempting interest on ' securities issued under the provisions of the Federal Farm Loan Act." Point C. The effect of the lower Court's decision is to substitute the term 'securities " for 'obligations ' in the statute. The basis of the Court's opinion seems to be summarized in the following statement: "We see no reason why the construction of the statute should be so broadened as to cover a transaction which had no relation to the flotation of securities." (Italics ours.) (Rec. 34.) Even in its ordinary sense, “as used in common speech," (Eisner v. Macomber, 252 U. S. 189; Old Colony Railroad Company v. Commissioner, (decided February 15, 1932) supra) the term obligation is broad enough to include the duty of the United States to refund overpaid taxes. That using a word in its ordinary sense does not result in a "broadened" construction of it is, we submit, self-evident. The Court, in refusing to hold that the term "obligations " covers the duty of the United States to make refunds of taxes, has not refused to broaden the construction of the statute. It is, we think, more nearly correct to say the Court's decision results in narrowing the construction of the statute. The effect of the decision is to substitute the term "securities " for the term " obligations " in subdivision (C) of Section 213(b) (4) of the Revenue Act of 1926. This, we respectfully submit, is an assumption of legislative authority, and beyond the power of the Court.16 Ogden v. Strong, 18 Federal Cases 10, 460; Louisville, etc. Railr
The #tyranny of #war usually has a #CIVIL portion of the #cycle
@Gandalph and @cassie explore the cycle of Tyranny #immigration and use of #whitehat forces
SHOW NOTES
https://www.haystack.tv/v/surge-migrants-southern-border-fueling-humanitarian-crisis
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/11/us/politics/trump-2025-immigration-agenda.html
https://rumble.com/v3xmqqa-redemption-shield-discount.html
https://thefederalist.com/2023/12/06/the-military-recruitment-crisis-is-a-reflection-of-changing-american-values/
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/immigration-arizona-migrants-us-mexico-border/
...
So much is said about the Sixteenth # Amendment and #Taxation #Taxes and the #LEGAL baseline for ALL funds confiscation by #governments.
AN ABSTRACT OF A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN POLITICAL SCIENCE IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, 1924
URBANA, ILLINOIS 1926
The supporting #PDF is attached.
Happy Hunting
-Gandalph
THE dictionarynow offered to the profession is the result ofthe author's endeavor A B toprepare aconcise andyet comprehensive book ofdefinitions ofthe terms,phrases, C andmaxims used in American andEnglish lawand necessaryto be understood by the working lawyer and judge, as well as those important to the student of legal history or comparativejurisprudence. Itdoes not purport tobe anepitome orcompilation of the body of the law. Itdoesnot invade the provinceof the text-books, D nor attempt to supersede the institutional writings. Nor does it trench upon the field of the English dictionary, although vernacular words and phrases, so far as construed by the courts, are not excluded from its pages. Neither is the book encyclopædic in its character. It ischiefly required in adictionary that itshould be E comprehensive. Its value is impaired if any single word that may reasonably be soughtbetween its covers is not found there. But thiscomprehensiveness ispossible (within the compass of ...
Join the Gandalph team on RUMBLE today as we discuss AI, how you can use it, and if it is a good thing?
https://www.synthesia.io/post/ai-tools
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_test
A little AI generated #Diddy regarding AI, from the perspective of an AI
While AI will undoubtedly automate many tasks and impact various job roles, the claim that no one will have a job in ten years due to AI is an oversimplification. AI is more likely to augment human capabilities and create new job opportunities, especially as technology advances and new industries emerge.
Here's a more nuanced perspective:
AI's potential impact on the job market:
Automation:
AI and automation will undoubtedly automate many repetitive tasks, potentially leading to job displacement in certain sectors, says a report from Forbes.
Job creation:
However, AI is also likely to create new jobs, particularly in fields related to AI development, maintenance, and deployment. New ...
GOING Live on TWITCH https://www.twitch.tv/drunken_gandalph
Monday 1-23-23 3P EST
SHOW NOTES - A glimpse into the FUTURE of the Useless Eaters
LOOKS Like a large Habitrail to ME (Gandalph)
From the mouth of Wolves in sheeps Clothing
https://www.arabianbusiness.com/tags/zero-gravity-urbanism
And the WEF says it out loud
https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230120005356/en/Saudi-Delegation-Highlights-Kingdom%E2%80%99s-Evolving-Global-Growth-Story-at-World-Economic-Forum
WHAT is THE LINE
Supposed to open in five years
https://www.neom.com/en-us/regions/theline
The end of Fossil Fuel AND freely used transport
https://610kona.com/washington-state-dot-shows-massive-revenue-loss-on-the-way/
Manhattan re imagined as THE LINE concept
DesignBoom says
https://www.designboom.com/architecture/neom-line-saudi-arabia-vertical-city-interview-tarek-qaddumi-08-11-2022/
The MAN knows where you are .. always
https://www.bain.com/insights/how-robot-taxis-will-change-mobility-over-the-next-ten-years-world-economic-forum/
If you have a "Private" vehicle, still not truly FREE MOVEMENT
https://auto.hindustantimes.com/auto/news/a-tesla-model-3-owner-tricked-a-carjacker-with-remote-helps-cop-nab-the-suspect-41589449972759.html
Your PHONE is in the middle of this
https://www.mobileappdaily.com/best-location-tracking-apps
An example of a CONTROLLED environment - East Germany post WW2
https://www.npr.org/2018/09/29/652567677/punks-up-against-the-wall
THIS is the societal corrosion so squelched from review
Yet the music always makes it through
https://www.factmag.com/2016/09/24/punk-priest-stasi-spy-east-berlin-mark-reeder/